Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : A conservação da caatinga entre arenas políticas do semiárido brasileiro

Political arenas for the conservation of the Brazilian semi-arid caatinga

Auteur : Silvino, Amanda Sousa

Université de soutenance : Universidade Estadual de Campinas

Grade : Doutora em Ambiente e Sociedade, na área de Aspectos Sociais de Sustentabilidade e Conservação. 2019

Résumé
This thesis presents how political arenas consolidated the current narratives about the the caatinga, Brazilian semiarid vegetation, during the 20th and 21st centuries. It seeks to respond how this historically hostile environment became important for the conservation of biodiversity in 21st century. Data were collected from official documents, scientific articles, field observations, and semi-structured open-ended interviews with actors directly and indirectly involved with the caatinga’s conservation. Information from forty four transcribed interviews were grouped into four categories : narratives, conflicts, partnerships, and levels of action (local, state, regional, national, and international) using NVivo software. The visualization of network partnerships was done using Cystoscape software to enable the exploration of the challenges of caatinga’s conservation in each level of action in two political arenas : (i) Semiarid arena ; and (ii) Biodiversity arena. From a historical perspective, this research revealed that the Semiarid arena, the oldest one, was consolidated through narratives showing the caatinga as hostile, highlighting droughts and social challenges of a semi-arid environment. On the other hand, the Biodiversity arena, the most recent one, exposed narratives of a green, forested and biodiverse caatinga. Distinct strategies for the conservation of caatinga were presented for each arena. While the Semiarid arena promotes actions focused on agroecology and social technologies, the Biodiversity arena advocates the implementation of protected areas, seeking to change the image of a dry and hostile environment, historically constructed for the caatinga vegetation. Finally, the research problematized the conservation as a social process as part of complex political disputes. In this scenario, actors presented different narratives about caatinga thus influencing conservation strategies in multiple levels of action

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