Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Pastoral Resources in the Naryn Oblast, Kyrgyzstan, under Post-Soviet Transformation : Effects of Livestock Grazing on Vegetation and Soils

Auteur : Hoppe, Franziska

Université de soutenance : Universität Hamburg

Grade : Doctoral degree 2018

Résumé partiel
Rangelands, which occupy around 40% of the global land area, can be perceived as socioecological systems, representing the heritage of centuries-old pastoral cultures, and containing a great variety of species. Large parts of those rangelands are increasingly affected by far-reaching degradation processes. In order to develop sustainable management strategies, a better understanding of complex pastoral ecosystems and its utilization regimes is indispensable. The cumulative dissertation thesis presented here seeks to improve knowledge and understanding through the analysis of ecological aspects in the context of grazing intensity in Kyrgyzstan. The main focus lies on the investigation of soil and vegetation parameters along a grazing gradient. During the post-Soviet era, the Kyrgyz Republic was subjected to far-reaching political and economic transformations with various social and commercial restrictions, especially for communities on the local level. Today, most households maintain animal husbandry to sustain their livelihoods. Traditional pasture practices, however, such as annual migratory livestock movements are no longer followed due to high costs and a lack of infrastructure. As a consequence, large parts of the rangelands, in particular winter pastures close to settlements, exceed their carrying capacity and undergo degradation processes. In the light of the above, this PhD thesis aims at providing an ecological assessment as well as an evaluation of the future availability of pastoral resources of Kyrgyz high-mountain pastures in the Naryn Oblast.

Mots clés  : Kirgistan ; Beweidung ; Nutzungsgradient ; Sommerweiden ; Winterweiden ; Kyrgyzstan ; grazing ; grazing gradient ; summer pastures ; winter pastures

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