Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Urban residential land development policy in Iran : a case study of Arak

Auteur : Azizi, Mohammad Mehdi

Université de soutenance : University of Sydney

Grade : Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 1995

Résumé
In 1985 a new urban land development policy in Iran was initiated to curb rapid urban expansion. This study investigates the appropriateness or otherwise of the new policy in relation to patterns of land supply, infrastructure provision and environmental issues for new urban residential areas using a post-policy evaluation. The study explores in detail the outcomes of the new policy using the city of Arak as a case study. The assessment of outcomes was undertaken according to three main normative criteria including effectiveness, equity, and environmental quality. The study reveals several major points. Firstly, with respect to the issue of land supply, the implications of the study findings were largely related to public land ownership, rather than urban land development policy. Secondly, while financing infrastructure is shown to be the critical issue in the literature, the in-depth analysis of the user-pays system in Iran highlighted a number of issues. Two of the important findings were : the larger the size of projects, the greater was the positive balance between governmental expenditure and user payments ; and the larger the size of cities, the greater was the positive balance. The tasks of fee assessment and collection were, however, found to be amongst the major shortcomings of the user-pays system. Thirdly, in the context of environmental quality, significant issues included the need for urban expansion on the one hand, and environmental threats such as the degradation of agricultural land and sanitation on the other. Based on the study findings, examples of policy objectives, performance criteria, targets, and data requirements are presented. The study also postulates that the general process of physical planning at either the national or local levels influences levels of effectiveness arising out of land development policies. Finally, areas for further research are highlighted. Présentation

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