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Titre : Phytochemical, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity evaluation of rhizome extracts of Hydnora Abyssinica from Acacia Nigrences host

Auteur : Nghinaunye, Teopolina

Université de soutenance  : University of Namibia

Grade : Master of Science (Biochemistry) 2019

Résumé partiel
Medicinal plants are a rich source of phytochemicals, and are used traditionally for treatment of many ailments, and thus are of great ethnomedicinal importance. This study presents work on phytochemical analysis, in vitro antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity evaluation of medicinal plant Hydnora abyssinica. H. abyssinica is a medicinal plant indigenous to Namibia, Kenya, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), South Africa and Sudan. Preliminary phytochemical screening was done by colorimetric tests, while total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total tannin content (TTC) were determined using spectrophotometric methods. Antimicrobial activity of the extracts was determined by means of agar diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Cytotoxicity was carried out using the Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay on a 3T3 embryonic fibroblast mouse cell line. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids and saponins. Phenols and tannins were detected in the three extracts of water (H2O), methanol (MeOH), and methanol : dichloromethane (MeOH-DCM). The MeOH extract exhibited the highest TTC (0. 44 ± 0.01 mg TAE/g) as well as TPC (0.31 ± 0.05 mg GAE/g). In contrast, the MeOH-DCM (1:1) extract exhibited the highest TFC of 0.12 ± 0.01 mg QE/g. Flavonoid quantity was not detectable in the water extract. The MeOH extract demonstrated moderate antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans (12.0 ± 1.0 mm), Listeria monocytogenes (6.0 ± 3.0 mm), Enterococcus durans (6.0 ± 2.8 mm) and weak antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli (4.0 ± 1.0 mm) and Shigella Sonnei (4.0 ± 2.6 mm).

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