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Titre : Germinación y longevidad en semillas de nueve genotipos de quinoa cultivados en Chile

Auteur : Ayala Pérez, Carolina

Université de soutenance : Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile

Grade : Magister en Fisiología y Producción Vegetal 2018

Résumé
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a pseudo cereal origin of Andean and a crop of great potential due to its nutritional characteristics. There are different ecotypes with adaptations according to geographical area (FAO, 2011 ; Fuentes, 2008), in Chile two of these (ecotypes of southern Altiplano and of the coast) are cultivated in three macrozones : north, center and south, where the study on the quality of the seed is incipient. The objectives of this study were to determine the germination cardinal temperatures, the longevity evaluation and its storage potential of nine genotypes grown in three macrozones of the country. The physiological germination of seeds was counted at 6 and 12 hours and then daily in a temperature range between 11 to 42°C for the estimation of the minimum temperatures ((Tb), optimum (To) and maximum (Tm). For the determination of longevity, accelerated aging was carried at 35°C and 75% relative humidity. In addition, seeds were stored at 20°C in hermetic containers to evaluate storage capacity in different periods of time. Physiological germination (GP) and germination index (GI) were measured. The germination rate of the genotypes was estimated between 27.7-30°C. Accelerated aging tests showed that the genotypes of the ecotype of the coast were the longest compared to those of the southern Altiplano. After 15 months of storage all the genotypes showed high seed quality with germination percentages between 94.5 and 100%, but there was a slight dormancy in some genotypes of the ecotype of the coast represented in an increase of GI between 0 and 7 months of storage.

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