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Titre : Molecular and Agro-morphological Diversity Assessment of Cowpea (Vigna Unguiculata L.)

Auteur : Sababheh, Ihasan Sopuh

Université de soutenance : Yarmouk University

Grade : Master of Biological Sciences (MS) 2018

Résumé
Nineteen landraces of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) were collected from different areas in Jordan. Biodiversity was assessed using eight agro-morphological traits and twenty four inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) primers. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed high degree of variation in agro-morphological traits (including leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, plant height, and seed length width and seed area) between collected landraces. Plant height showed the highest variation (10-37cm) with values ranged from 10 cm (Ghernatah92) to 37 cm (4550Yadoudeh), while seed area showed lowest variation ( 0.4 - 0.8 cm² ) between landraces (ranged between 0.4 cm² for 4550Yadoudeh to 0.8 cm2 for 100Bait-ras and 95Alhuson). Genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) ranged from 11.99 for leaf width to 49.16 for seed width, and phenotypic coefficient of variance (PCV) ranged from 21.74 for leaf length to 50.27 for seed width. Heritability ranged from 98.06 for seed width to 25.57 for petiole length. Based on agro-morphological traits, landraces were separated into three main groups ; the first group consists of landraces 4550 yadoudeh, Anbh, 102 Khraj, 244 Mafraq, 95 Alhuson, 100Batras and Ajlun. The second group consists of six landraces 94 Ghernatah, Albarha, 4367 Alhuson, Kufrauan, 913 Ghernatah and 245 Mafraq. Third group consist of 4543 airport highway, 98 Hibras, 4552 Egypt, 92 Ghernatah, Aqaba and Bayt yafa. For molecular analysis, 224 markers were scored with an average of 9.7 markers/primer. Primer UBC835 generates the highest number of markers (19 markers) while UBC860 generates the lowest (4 markers) percentage of polymorphism was 85%. The highest primer efficiency was 8.48 for UBC 835 and the lowest was 1.79 for UBC 860 with an average of 4.35 for all primers used in this study. Based on ISSR analysis, landraces were separated into two main groups ; the first group consist of 4550 yadoudeh, 94 Ghernatah, 92 Ghernatah, 245 Mafraq, 95 Alhuson and 102 Khraj. The second group consist of 4543 airport highway, 913 Ghernatah, 244 Mafraq, 4367 Alhuson, Ajlun, Kufrauan, 100 Bait ras, Aqaba, 4552 Egypt, Anbh, Bayt yafa, Albarha and 98 Hibras. Overall, neither genetic nor agromorphological dendrogram were related to geographical distribution. In conclusion, results showed a remarkable level of genetic diversity among the studied cowpea landraces, these findings can be of interest for future local breeding programs. Therefore, conservation strategies of these landraces are highly recommended

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