Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Fusarium diversity from the Great Karoo

Auteur : Sunday, Oloye Babatunde

Université de soutenance : University of Johannesburg

Grade : Magister Scientiae 2020

Description
Originally described as Fusisporium by Link in 1989, Fusarium belongs to the Ascomycota phylum. The genus covers a large number of species and is distributed globally as saprobes and endophytes in soils and plants. Members of the Fusarium genus are very well-known for their ability to cause plant disease and are harmful to both domestic and human beings. The translation elongation factor 1-α gene has been generally accepted in the genus and provides the most powerful degree of differentiation between species. The objective of the study was to determine the diversity of Fusarium species and to use the concept of phylogenetics to characterize these species. The Fusarium isolates was obtained from undisturbed soils in the Karoo region, in South Africa’s Western Cape Province. The soils were collected from six separate Karoo district locations. Polymerase chain reaction and cycle sequencing were carried out on DNA obtained from various communities using the TEF1-α gene. The corresponding sequences were compiled and analysed on the MYCOBANK and FUSARIUM-ID databases by nBLAST. The Mycobank BLAST identified six species complexes (FFSC, FIESC, FOSC, FSSC, FCSC and FSAMSC) and different species (F. aremeniacum, F. venenatum, F. burgessii and a group of unknown species designated as Fusarium sp.). The FUSARIUM-ID BLAST results identified all the species complexes as in Mycobank ID with the exception of FFSC. The species identified by FUSARIUMID are Fusarium brachygibbosum, Fusarium sp., F. acuminatum, F. redolens. F. venenatum, F. beomiforme, F. armeniacum, F. fujikuroi and also unknown species designated as Fusarium sp. Phylogenetic analysis of the FOSC, and genus-wide datasets produced 10 and 16 clades respectively. Phylogenetic relationships of most of the FOSC, and genus-wide datasets were successfully inferred. This study will contribute on the information about the composition of Fusarium species in uncultivated ecosystems of South Africa. Furthermore, it will assist in determining risk evaluation methods for farmers and peri-urban families

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