Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Tecnologias hídricas sociais como estratégias de convivência com a seca no recorte geográfico de Sumé, PB

Auteur : Ramos, Daniela Brito

Université de soutenance : Universidade Estadual da Paraíba

Grade : Mestre em Desenvolvimento Regional, 2020

Résumé
Drought is a natural phenomenon that drastically affects the environment, agricultural and socioeconomic activities. The expression coexistence with drought emerged in the mid-1990s to replace the fight against drought. In view of this, an attempt was made to diagnose the main northeastern droughts, public actions carried out and social water technologies, as alternatives for coexistence in the semi-arid region of Paraiba, these determinations being the main objectives. The work was carried out in the territorial section of Sumé, including Sitio Pitombeira, located in the immediate geographical region of Sumé and intermediate of Campina Grande, PB. The methodological procedures consisted of data from official documents and in loco, in the referred Site, using semi-structured questionnaires, using the Focus Group technique. With the rainfall data - monthly and annual - the rainfall regimes were established and with the criterion of the relative deviations, the types of associated droughts / droughts, highlighting the period 2012/17. With five median annual rainfall scenarios and those observed from 2012 to 2017, rainwater catchment volumes and those required were estimated, being calculated and analyzed using an Excel spreadsheet. The main results showed that drought is not a new phenomenon ; it starts with the scarcity of rain and reflects on the ambience and socioeconomic activities. The first strategies and actions of the public authorities to face droughts in northeastern Brazil began with the formation of concentration camps in the State of Ceará, on the fronts of emergency work and in an attempt to contain the rural exodus. The first Federal agency was created with the purpose of executing hydraulic works and assisting the affected populations.

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