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sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Taxonomical variations and phytochemical analysis on Tephrosia spp of Indian Thar desert

Auteur : Vandana

Université de soutenance : Jai Narain Vyas University

Grade : Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Botany 2021

Résumé partiel
The great Indian Thar Desert is a large arid region in northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent. It is located between 20º to 28º N latitude to 68º to 71ºE longitude. This desert covers approximately 208758 km2 area. It is mainly spread in four districts of Rajasthan- Jaisalmer, Barmer, Bikaner and Jodhpur. The soil of Thar Desert is characterized by poor soil fertility and dominantly sandy with 60-90 per cent sand and 2-10 per cent silt clay in topsoil. The present work carried out to study taxonomical variations of Tephrosia species found in the Indian Thar desert region. The parameters considered for the present study were morphological characters, foliar micromorphological characters, pollen morphological characters, phytochemical screening and RAPD analysis. Genus Tephrosia belongs to the family Fabaceae and subfamily Faboideae (Papilionoideae), tribe Millettieae. This family comprised of 751 genera and 19500 species. Genus Tephrosiais comprised of 350 species.In India 27 species, one variety and one subspecies were reported. Eleven species were documented in Rajasthan and eight species were reported so far in the Indian Thar desert region namely T.falciformis Ramaswami ; T.leptostachyaDC. ; T.purpurea(L.)Pers. ; T.strigosa (Dalz.) Santapau & Maheshwari ; T.subtriflora Hochst. ex Baker ; T.uniflora Pers. subsp. petrosa(Blatt. & Hallb.) Gillet& Ali ; T. villosa (L.) Pers. ; T. wallichii Graham. Investigated species of Tephrosia were herb, shrub or undershrub found in different habitats such as sandy, rocky, wastelands and field etc. Earlier Bhandari (1978) studied the morphology of the above species. The present study was carried out to review any morphological changes in Tephrosia species, if occurred, during the course of time along with earlier reported characters. Plants were examined in their natural habitat and the variations in vegetative characters, floral characters, reproductive characters and fruit and seed characters were further studied. These variations were found significant in the identification of species. Seven species of Tephrosia have compound leaves while T. strigosa has simple unifoliate leaves. T. strigosa revealed apparent variations in inflorescence type, flower and fruit characters as well, which makes its identification easier in the field. Investigated species have two type of inflorescence- terminal or leaf opposed raceme and axillary with solitary or geminate flowers

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