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Titre : Study of Genetic Variability in Newly Developed Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Genotypes for Yield and Yield Components, Gezira State, Sudan

Auteur : Lmia Abdalfatah Abdalla, Margan,

Université de soutenance : University of Gezira

Grade : Master of Science (MS) in Crop Science (Plant Breeding) 2022

Résumé
Sunflower is considered as an important oil seed crop in Sudan. Fifteen sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) genotypes were evaluated for two seasons (2019/2020 and 2020/2021) under irrigation conditions at Gezira Research Station Farm (GRSF), Agricultural Research Corporation, Wad Medani, Sudan. The aims of this experiment were to study the genetic variability, broad sense heritability, genetic advance and character association for yield and yield attributing traits. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates was used. The parameters measured were days to 50%flowering, plant height (cm), head diameter(cm), number of seeds per head, head weight (g), percentage of empty seeds, seed weight (g), seed yield per plant (g), seed yield (kg/ha), seed oil content (%) and oil yield (kg/ha). Phenotypic (PCV) and genotypic (GCV) coefficient of variation, broad sense heritability (h_B^2) , genetic advance and genetic advance as percentage of mean were estimated. The significant differences for most characters studied in both seasons showed the presence of large genetic variability for the tested genotypes. The results showed that the highest seed yield was given by genotypes SFG1 (386.6 kg/ha), SFG7 (289.3 kg/ha) and SFG10 (336.5 kg/ha). Phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were highest for seed yield, oil yield, plant height, number of seeds per head, head weight, seed weight and seed yield per plant. High heritability was recorded for seed oil content, seed weight and plant height. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as a percentage of the mean was observed by seed weight indicating that this character was adjustable for improvement by selection. Seed yield was positively and significantly correlated with seed yield per plant ( 0.99** ), head weight ( 0.98** ), number of seeds per head ( 0.82**), head diameter (0.79** ) and seed weight ( 0.77** ). From this study it could be recommended that the high yielding genotypes SFG10, SFG7 and SFG1 can be subjected for further investigation under the irrigated conditions in the Gezira State

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