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sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Genotypic Variability of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.) Under Summer Rainfed Conditions of Western Sudan

Auteur : Aboh Adam Elnour Aboh

Université de soutenance : University of Khartoum

Grade : Master Science in Field Crops 2021

Résumé
Genotypic Variability of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.) Under Summer Rainfed Conditions of Western Sudan Abstract : This study aimed to evaluate the phenotypic variability in 24 bread Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.) genotypes grown at Zalingei Research Station Farm (ZRSF), Nyertiti substation field, during one growing season 2019/2020. The objectives were to (i) quantify the phenotypic variability for rainfed adaptation in terms of phenological and yield related attributes, (ii) to compare the performance of different wheat genotypes under rain-fed conditions of Nyertiti (Jebel Marra) (iii) to find out the best wheat genotype based on yield and yield components. The experiment arranged in alpha lattice design with three replications. The replication was consisted of six incomplete blocks and each incomplete block was divided into four plots then each genotype was grown in a single plot. The data were collected on 14 morpho-phenological, and reproductive traits and from analysis of variance (ANOVA) different phenotypic parameters were estimated including phenotypic coefficients of variation, and phenotypic correlation. The analysis of variance revealed highly significant effect of blocks, genotypes and genotypes × block interactions for most of the studied traits. The effect due to genotype was highly significant (P≤ 0.01) for days to heading, days to maturity, number of grains/spike, grain yield (kg/ha) and significant (P≤ 0.05) for number of spike m-2 and biomass. The grain yield ranged from 785kg/ha for G307 to 1788kg/ha for G304. The ground cover, number of Spikes m-2 , harvest index (%), showed the highest (21.1%, 19.3% and 19.4%) values of genotype coefficient of variation (GCV%), respectively. The harvest index, days to 90% anthesis, significantly and positively correlated with grain yield (r =0.3**) and (r =0.4***) respectively, while grain yield showed negatively and highly significant (P≤ 0.01) correlation with spike length, and negatively significant (P≤ 0.05) correlation with grain filling period. Based on significant correlations with grain yield, high biomass, early heading and maturity, short grain filling period, high number of grains/spike can be used as potential selection criteria, for improving grain yield under summer rainfall conditions of western Sudan.

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