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Titre : Prevalence of Camel Parasites in Khartoum State, Sudan

Auteur : Rania Abdallateef Alzaabaq Jailee

Université de soutenance : University of Khartoum

Grade : Master in Tropical Animal Health (MTAH) 2019

Résumé
This study was conducted in Khartoum State to estimate prevalence of internal and external parasites of camel, measure packed cell volume (PCV) change as an index of infection in camels infected with parasitic agents and correlate infection to risk factors of age, sex, breed, type of production and use of treatment. A total of 54 camels were sampled from different localities in Khartoum State (Khartoum, Omdurman and Bahri) between Augusts and December 2018. The samples were collected from camels of different age, sex, breed, type of production (meat,milk) and use of treatment. Data collected was analyzed using (SPSS). Blood samples were examined by thin smears stained with Giemsaʼs. The results showed the prevalence of tick borne diseases was (5.6%), represented by Anaplasma marginale (3.7%) and Babesia caballi (1.9%). The faecal samples were examined by floatation and sedimentation methods. The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites eggs and protozoan oocyst were (61.3%) , represented by Eimeria cameli, Blantidium coli, Nematodirus spathiger, Trichuris globulosa, Trichostrongylus probolurus and mixed infections were 18.5%, 1.9%, 7.4%, 3.7%, 1.9% and 27.9% respectively. The prevalence of ticks was (85.4%) represented by Hyalomma dromedarii (72.2%), Hyalomma anatolicum (1.9%) , Hyalomma rufipes (1.9%) , Amblyomma lepidum 1.9% and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (6.5%). The study showed no significant difference ( p = 0,05 ) between mean PCV in animals infected by blood parasites (22.75%) and uninfected animal (25%). However, a highly Significant difference (p=0.001) appeared between mean PCV of animals infected by gastrointestinal parasites (19,50%) and uninfected animal (25.75%). This was applicable with mean PCV of animals infested XI by ticks (18%) compared with mean PCV of animals without ticks (26%). When correlate infection to risk factors (age, sex, breed, type of production and use of treatment) the results showed no significant difference (p˃0,05) between the presence of tick borne disease (babesiosis and anaplasmosis) and age )p=0.067(, breed (p=0.353( , type of production (p=0.240) and use of treatment(p=0.945), However a significant difference (p<0,05) was found in the factor sex(p=0.006). There was no significant difference (p˃0,05) between presence of gastrointestinal parasites and age (P=0.417), sex (P = 0.136) and breed (P= 0.219) but a highly significant difference (p<0,05) was found between the presence of gastrointestinal parasites and type of production )meat( (p = 0.007) and use of treatment (p = 0.000). No significant difference (p˃0,05) between presence of tick infestation and age (p=0.440), a significant difference was found in type of production) meat( (p = 0.080). But a highly significant difference (p=0,002) between presence of tick infestation and sex (p = 0.002), breed (p = 0.002) and use of treatment (p = 0.006).

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