Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Response of wheat crop to the amount and the quality of irrigation water in calcareous soils, under surface and sprinkler irrigation systems

Auteur : Sallam, Ahmed Abdelhadi Abdelhamid.

Etablissement de soutenance : Benha University .

Grade : Doctor of Philosophy in Agricultural Science 2014

Résumé partiel
In Egypt, water scarcity is the major factor that limits the ambitious hopes to expand and increase agricultural area to meet the present gap between food production and consumption. The agricultural activity consumes about 80 to 85% of the water resources in Egypt. The pressure of population growth and increasing domestic and other sectors demand for water as well as the expected negative impact of climate change represent serious competing challenges for the agricultural sector. To meet these challenges, good governance which aims to reduce losses and increase benefits per unit of water should be adopted. This could be achieved by raising the on-farm irrigation efficiency through the selection of proper and efficient irrigation system, laser leveling of the field, selection of drought tolerant cultivars, and the use of modern irrigation techniques such as Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI). On the other hand, the proper management of low quality irrigation water, such as agricultural drainage water and low to moderate saline water, could be used as a tool to increase the overall efficiency of the limited water resources in Egypt.This research aimed at studying the effect of using different amounts of irrigation water under surface and sprinkler irrigation systems on the production of wheat crop grown in calcareous and sandy soils of Nubaria region. Also to study the effect of using low quality irrigation water (agricultural drainage water - different levels of irrigation water salinity) on the productivity of wheat crop. The specific objectives were to : Conduct field experiments to test the effect of deficit irrigation treatments on the productivity of two wheat cultivars, their yield components, plant height, leaf area index, protein%, potassium%, and other wheat-water parameters. Determine the actual and applied amounts of irrigation water, water use efficiency, and water productivity values of wheat cultivars under surface and sprinkler irrigation systems in calcareous and sandy soils. Conduct a field experiment to test the effect of irrigation with agricultural drainage water on the productivity of wheat crop, its components, growth parameters, quality parameters, and wheat-water relations. Conduct a green house experiment to test the effect of two soil salinity levels, two wheat cultivars, and five irrigation water salinity levels on wheat grain and biological yields, yield components (1000-grain weight, spike length, harvest index (HI), and number of spikes/pot), salinity build-up in the soil, and germination % under calcareous soil conditions. Develop a relationship between amounts of applied irrigation water under deficit irrigation conditions and wheat yield. Develop a relationship between salinity levels of irrigation water and wheat yield. Recommend a suitable production package for wheat crop at Nubaria region

Présentation étendue (EULC)