Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Integrated, sustainable, Transformative Governance over Contested Waters ? A Case of Lake Naivasha, Kenya

Auteur : Jerobon, Raquel

Université de soutenance : Katholieke Universiteit Leuven

Grade : Master of Human Settlements 2021

Résumé
Resources especially those that cut across boundaries and involve different actors and institutions usually breed contestation. In the Lake Naivasha Basin in Kenya, historically rooted resource contestation are exemplified in the territory where colonial historicities of land acquisition, internationally linked floriculture and horticulture industry, urban expansion of Naivasha town and its unplanned extensions, geothermal power production, wildlife national parks and private conservancies, smallholder farmers in the upper catchment, fishing, hotels and a tourism industry are located in a semi-arid area where freshwater is scarce. As such the freshwater from Lake Naivasha emerges as a lifeline to these industries and who all attempt to impart their values and norms into resource management practices to favour their interests. However, with climate change, increasingly finite status of water, increased population of users and uses that are contributing to the Lakes’ degraded condition, the waters become a contested resource, every actor attempting to gain and access and use of it. It is within these contestations that resource management and governance frameworks are challenged, created and re-created to fit territorial constructions that emerge over time. The study takes the Lake Naivasha Basin, where the waters are contested by multiple users and uses and uses the Lake Naivasha Basin Integrated Water Resource Action Plan (IWRAP) programme as a case study to explore how and to what extent the programme supported a sustainable governance system within the basin. The research is grounded in theoretical approaches political economies of global value chains (Kissinger 2014)(Mwangi 2019, Heher and Steenbergen 2021, Rouille 2015), hydro-social territories (Vos and Hinojosa 2016), (Boelens et al. 2016), Swyngedouw 2007, (Damonte and Boelens 2019), resource grabbing (Harvey 2003, Hall 2013, (Mehta, Veldwisch, and Franco 2012), governance ( Moulaert et al. 2019), (Gonzalez and Healey 2005) and social innovation (Van den Broeck 2011, Galego et al. 2021)(Moulaert and MacCallum 2019)(Moulaert and MacCallum 2019) to create a theoretical frame of interrogation of the case study. It examines how different actors and stakeholders related to each other within the IWRAP programme, how the planning process succeeded or not in the creation of new governance systems that challenged the established centralized resource governance framework. It defines sustainability through a social innovation perspective in questioning whether the IWRAP programme created lasting governance change by examining the place of power, stakeholder involvement, agency and institutional embeddedness to answer the research question

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