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sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : THE ROLE OF THE BACTERIUM PASTEURIA PENETRANS, SOME SOIL AMENDMENTS AND MARIGOLD PLANT EXTRACT IN CONTROLLING ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE

Auteur : Al-Sisi, Heba Yousef Gaber.

Etablissement de soutenance : Menoufiya University.

Grade : Master of Agricultural Science 2017

Résumé partiel
Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) are considered one of the most important economic vegetable crops for export as well as its importance in food processing. These are grown in Egypt at different season throughout the year in opened field and greenhouse especially in newly reclaimed desert land. They are subjected to be attacked, and suffered from several fungal, bacterial, viral and nematode diseases. Plant parasitic nematodes are one of the most important pests worldwide especially root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) on tomato which considered one of the most economically important its cause great harmful effect on plants and losses in quality and quantity of yield. Results obtained from this present investigation can be summarized as follows : 1- 30 C˚ showed its ability to increase the attachment rate between Pasteuria penetrans spores and nematode larvae of Meloidogyne spp. under laboratory conditions. 2- The best result of attachment process of P. penetrans spores on cuticle of Meloidogyne spp. recorded after 12 hours at temperature of 30 C˚ under laboratory conditions. 3- Four different types of soil were used to study the attachment rate between Pasteuria penetrans sopres and root-knot nematode larvae under laboratory conditions. Sandy-loamy mixture soil (1:1) showed highest ability to increase the attachment rate at 30 C˚ after 12 hours, followed by coarse sand. 4- Adding compost and sewage sludge in five different types to the soil cultivated with tomato plants which infected with root-knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. at the rate of 5,10,15,20,30,50 grams per pot reduced number of nematode galls , eggmasses, egg and larval stages, sewage sludge + faba bean (1:1) ratio concentration of 15 g per pot were the most effective in reducing the nematode parameters compared to the nematode alone. 5- Using of soil amendment applied to the soil planted with tomato plants in 5,10,15,20,30 and 50 gram /pot concentrations were effective in increasing fresh shoot weight , fresh root weight and plant dry weight compared to plants treated with nematode alone. 6- Two Pasteuria penetrans isolates were used against Meloidogyne spp. there reduced the number of galls, eggmasses, eggs and developmental stages in tomato roots. Japanese isolate as a root infected powder was the best one in reduce the nematode parameters followed by Egyptian isolate as a root infected powder. 7- P.penetrans Infested soil, infected females and attached larvae were effective in reducing nematode parameters compared to plants treated with nematode alone. 8- Enzymes activity (Peroxides, Phenol oxides and catalase) were increased in tomato plant leaves treated with two P. penetrans isolates compared to control. Japanese isolate as a root infected powder was the best one in increase the activity of oxidase enzymes followed by Egyptian isolate as a root infected powder.

Présentation étendue (EULC)