Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Hydraulic and hydrological studies to protect eL qusir city against flood risks

Auteur : EL Naggar, Mohamed Hamza.

Etablissement de soutenance : Benha University

Grade : Master of Science (MS) in Civil Engineering 2022

Résumé
Flash floods are natural disasters that occur infrequently and are mainly caused by heavy rainfall and are characterized by short duration, high flood peaks, and rapid flows, accompanied by loss of human life and damage to infrastructure in nearby urban areas. In arid and semi-arid areas such as Egypt, it is difficult to predict flash floods due to the lack of hydrological and meteorological data. The national economic plan of Egypt includes the development of the Red Sea Governorate in the Eastern Desert as a tourist destination, as it is located on the Red Sea coast and enjoys coral reefs, beautiful nature, a mild climate and a diving hobby. The city of El Qusir was chosen as a study area, and it is one of the cities of the Red Sea Governorate, about 140 km from Hurghada and has historical, commercial and industrial importance, The International Coastal Road, Safaga-Marsa Alam Road, and Qena El Qusir Road pass through it. It is located at the outlet of Wadi Al-Ambagi, where it is considered one of the largest valleys in the region, with an area of 1,536 km² which is often exposed to flash floods such as occurred in 1934, 1985, 1991, 1994, 1997, 2010, 2014, and 2020. Three dams and a lake were built 5 km from El Qusir city to protect the city. They are small dams that are enough to protect El Qusir city for 10 years only, after which it is exposed to the dangers of flash floods. The methodology of this research is the delineation of the valley boundaries and runoff paths using DEM and the use of topographic and geological maps. The resulting parameters were used to predict runoff values for return periods of 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 years, based on the results of statistical analysis of rainfall data available in 1934 and from 1985 to 2020 from El Qusir meteorological station to make a hydrological model to produce a hydrograph, and this was done using the (HECHMS) model. HEC-RAS model was made to determine the water depths, velocities, and flooded areas for a 100-year event. Solutions were proposed to protect the area from flood risks based on the amount and direction of flooding.

Présentation étendue (EULC)