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sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Impact of climate change on future barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) production in Ethiopia

Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf die zukünftige Produktion von Gerste (Hordeum vulgare L.) in Äthiopien

Auteur : Gardi, Mekides W.

Université de soutenance : University of Hohenheim

Grade : Doctoral degree of Agricultural Sciences (Dr. sc. agr.) 2022

Résumé partiel
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the fourth major cereal crop in the world, and it accounts for 8% of the total cereal production in Ethiopia based on cultivation location. Farmers may face unpredictable rainfall and drought stress patterns, such as terminal drought, in which rainfall ends before crops reach physiological maturity, posing a challenge to crop production. Furthermore, climate change is expected to reduce crop production/yield due to increases in carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone (O3) concentrations, temperatures, and extreme climate events such as floods, storms, and heatwaves, highlighting the importance of taking action to develop climate-resilient cultivars and secure future crop production. Against this background, a meta-analysis study was conducted to synthesize and summarize to assess the overall effect of elevated CO2 (eCO2), and its interaction with nitrogen (N) and temperature on barley grain yield and yield components. A climate chamber experiment was carried out to identify the impacts of projected CO2 enrichment (eCO2) on a set of landraces and released cultivars of Ethiopian barley. The crop-climate modeling approach was used to simulate future climate change and to identify the impacts of climate change on selected barley genotypes and study locations in Ethiopia. Furthermore, adaption options were simulated and identified. Publication I, aimed to answer how eCO2 and its interaction with N and temperature affects barley yield at a global level. Peer-reviewed primary literature (published between 1991-2020) focusing on barley yield responses to eCO2, temperature, and N were searched on different search engines. The response of five yield variables of barley was synthesized and summarized using a meta-analysis technique. Different experimental factors which might affect the estimation of the response of barley yield to eCO2 were calculated. The results revealed that eCO2 increased barley yield components such as vegetative biomass (23.8%), grain number (24.8%), and grain yield (27.4%) at a global level. Barley vegetative biomass and grain yield were increased under the combination of eCO2 with the higher N level (151-200 kg ha-1) compared to the lower levels. Grain number and grain yield were increased when eCO2 combined with temperature level (21-25°C) this response was not evident. The response of barley to eCO2 was different among genotypes and experimental condition

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