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sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Effects of integrated land management, landscape position and land-use types on soil physicochemical properties, discharge, species richness and carbon stock in Geda watershed, north Shewa, Ethiopia

Auteur : Terefe, Hailu

Université de soutenance : University ???

Grade : Doctorat 2020

Résumé partiel
Watershed based integrated land management is a recent approach to curb land degradation in Ethiopia and introduced in 2012 in Geda watershed, central highlands of Ethiopia. However, the impacts of the interventions on indicators of some ecosystem services were not assessed. The objectives of this study were to explore the effects of the interventions on soil properties, soil moisture content and water discharge, plant species richness, biomass production and carbon stock by comparing treated site with integrated land management measures and the adjacent untreated site. Samples were collected from treated and untreated sites in the upper and lower landscape positions, from crop land , grazing land and Tree Lucerne plantation based on standard procedures for each objective. The collected data were analyzed following standard statistical procedures with respect to treatment, landscape position, land-use types, and soil depth. M ost of the soil physicochemical properties, soil moisture content, water discharge, plant species richness, biomass production and carbon stocks were significantly (p ≤ 0.001 ) improved in the treated site compared with the untreated one . Clay, total N, available P and soil organic carbon were significantly higher at p = 0.001 and exchangeable K at p = 0.05 in the treated site than the untreated one. This could be due to higher organic matter accumulation and improved vegetation growth as a result of prohibited free grazing, and reduced erosion by the conservation structures. Sand and bulk density were significantly ( p = 0.001) higher in the untreated site that could be attributed to erosion due to absence of conservation measures and compaction by livestock trampling during free grazing practice. Generally,in the treated site, the clay content of the soil was improved by 63.51%, OC by 133%, NPK of the soil by 69.84%, 78.49% and 22.73% respectively. The soil moisture content increased by 14.82 ̶ 19.35% and water discharge increased by 588% over the untreated one ; which could be due to reduced runoff and evaporation, improved infiltration and storage processes attributed by the conservation structures and vegetation covers.

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