Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Institute of Food and Agriculture

Titre : UNDERSTANDING PHYSIOLOGICAL AND GENETIC MECHANISMS OF TWO TYPES OF DROUGHT TOLERANT PEANUTS FOR FUTURE AND PRESENT ENVIRONMENTAL ADAPTATION

Identification : 1030535

Pays : Etats Unis

Durée : START : 01 MAY 2023 TERM : 30 APR 2027

Résumé
The American Peanut council has identified drought as the top challenge facing the peanut industry as only 35% of growers in the U.S. have irrigation capabilities. For this reason, breeding for drought tolerance is paramount for the peanut industry. In previous work, we have identified cultivars that use two different strategies (water spenders and water savers) to maintain high yields under drought. However, the physiological and genetic mechanisms controlling these two strategies are not known. In other crops, these two mechanisms resulted in increased yields under specific environmental conditions. In this project, we will perform detailed physiological and RNA-sequencing experiments in peanuts under two rain-out shelter facilities to fully understand the physiological and genetic mechanisms of water-saver and water-spender drought-tolerant cultivars. In addition, we will use a RIL population derived from the cross of a water saver with a water spender line to find genomic regions (QTL) that relate to water saving or spending strategies and that can be used to breed for drought tolerance using marker-assisted selection. We will also use the data produced in the detailed physiological experiments to modify a peanut model that can predict the performance of each variable type under current and future environments to determine environments that favor one mechanism over another. With this approach, we will facilitate the selection of cultivars with different drought-tolerant strategies that with the help of crop modeling, can be tailored to yield more under different environments in the Southeast U.S.

Objectifs
The long-term goal of this project is to assist breeders in selecting cultivars with different mechanisms of drought tolerance so growers can produce high-yielding peanuts with reduced irrigation or under rainfed conditions and therefore increasing the sustainability of peanut farming. To achieve this objective, we need to better understand the physiology and genetics of "water saver" and "water spender" drought tolerant strategies and by using models, learn where these cultivars may perform better in the Southern United States. For this reason, the supporting objectives of this proposal are:Objective 1 : Discover underlying physiological mechanisms of water spender and water saver cultivars.Objective 2 : Model water saver and water spender drought tolerant mechanisms to find the best environments to maximize yield.Objective 3 : Identifying QTL and probable genes underlying water saving and spender drought tolerant traits.

Financement total : $649,372

Performing Institution : AUBURN UNIVERSITY
Investigator : Sanz-Saez, A. ; Batchelor, WI, . ; Dang, PH, . ; Chen, CH,

Présentation : USDA (NIFA)