Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Spatial and Temporal Evolution of Ecosystem Quality in the Mongolian Plateau and Analysis of the Driving Forces

Auteur : 张惠婷

Grade : Master 2022

Université : Inner Mongolia, Hohhot

Résumé partiel
As an important basis for human survival and development,ecosystem is a unique precious resource.In the context of global climate change,human activities have a non-negligible impact on the structure and service functions of the ecosystem,resulting in damage to the stability and balance of the ecosystem,and the pressure on the ecological environment is gradually increasing,and the quality of the ecosystem is increasingly prominent.As an important part of arid and semi-arid area in Eurasia,the quality change of fragile ecosystem in Mongolian Plateau is the most direct indicator reflecting the effect of climate change and human activities on Mongolian plateau.It is of great significance to clarify the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics and driving mechanism of ecosystem quality in The Mongolian Plateau in order to cope with climate change and improve the ecological environment.Therefore,this study used multi-source data from the perspective of ecosystem productivity,stability and carrying capacity,and constructed a comprehensive evaluation model of ecosystem quality through analytic hierarchy Process and entropy weight method to quantitatively evaluate the continuous spatio-temporal variation characteristics of ecosystem quality in the Whole Mongolian Plateau and different ecological regions from 2001 to 2019.Correlation analysis and residual analysis were used to quantify the influence of hydrothermal factors and human activities.The following conclusions are drawn :（1）From 2001 to 2019,the productivity index value of the Mongolian Plateau ecosystem was 35.92,and showed a significant increasing trend with a change rate of 0.38/a.It gradually decreased from the forest in the northeast to the desert in the southwest,and the productivity of the coniferous forest was the best among all the ecological regions,and that of the desert grassland was the worst.The value of stability index was 70.48,which showed an insignificant decreasing trend at a rate of 0.08/a.The spatial distribution of productivity was roughly opposite,and the stability level of desert was the highest in all ecological areas.The index value of carrying capacity was 53.58,with a growth rate of 1.14/a.The spatial distribution of carrying capacity was similar to that of production capacity.Among all ecological areas,the carrying capacity of coniferous forest was the highest,and that of desert grassland was the lowest.After weighting the three indexes of production capacity,stability and carrying capacity,the calculated value of the ecosystem quality index of The Mongolian Plateau is 50.89,and the grade is medium and low,and the peak value is58.79 in 2012.In the past 19 years,the plateau ecosystem quality has been increasing at a rate of 0.48/a,which is consistent with the spatial distribution of production capacity and carrying capacity.The mixed forest ecosystem quality level is the highest among all the ecological regions,and the area of ecosystem quality increased by 92.55%,almost covering the whole Plateau.（2）From 2001 to 2019,the average precipitation of the Mongolian Plateau was 235.21-349.58 mm,the average temperature was 1.97 to4.60℃,the soil moisture was 0.1671 to 0.1944 m 3/m 3,and the surface temperature was 13.96 to 17.12℃.The influent heat factors increased at rates of 5.64mm/10a,0.26℃/10a,0.002 m 3/m 3/10a and 0.46℃/10a,respectivel

Mots clés : Mongolian Plateau ;ecosystem quality ;spatiotemporal evolution ;hydrothermal factor ;human activities ;

Présentation (CNKI)