Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Interannual Variation of Bird Diversity in Desert Grassland and Typical Grassland in Inner Mongolia

Auteur : 金梦娇

Grade : Master 2022

Université : Inner Mongolia University

Résumé
The Inner Mongolia Plateau plays an important role in maintaining ecological stability and biodiversity in northern China and even the whole East Asia.As an indicator of ecological and environmental changes,birds can better reflect the law of environmental changes.From 2011 to 2020,a total of 4 sample areas（Gegentala in Siziwang Banner,Saihantala in Sunite You Banner,MAODENG pasture and Baiyin Kulun pasture in Xilinhot）were set up in desert grassland habitat and typical grassland habitat in Inner Mongolia,and 8 sample lines were set up.Enclosed grassland and non-enclosed grassland were set up in different habitats as the control group.Birds were systematically investigated by sample line method in summer every year,and under the time span of 10 years in different habitats.The difference of bird diversity in different areas and the difference of bird diversity between enclosed grassland and non-enclosed grassland were observed.The main results are as follows:In the survey area,there are 34 species of migratory birds,belonging to 15 orders.There are 10 species of birds under national secondary key protection.Birds are mainly Passeriformes,with a total of 10 families and 38 species.The Palaearctic group has the largest number of birds,and the breeding birds are mainly northern type,which reflects the transitional characteristics of mutual penetration of various components.53 species of birds were recorded in desert grassland habitat,belonging to 14 orders and 24 families,15 species of resident birds and 30 species of summer migratory birds.The largest number of species was recorded in 2017 and the largest number of birds was recorded in 2020.The habitat is less disturbed by human beings,and there will be large birds.Drought tolerant birds breed here.The bird diversity is rich,and the dominant species are short toed lark,horned lark and sparrow.44 species of birds were recorded in typical grassland habitats,belonging to 11 orders and 20 families,11 species of resident birds and 36 species of summer migratory birds.The largest number of species was recorded in 2015 and the largest number of birds was recorded in 2011.The environmental structure of this habitat is relatively single,and the species of birds are less than that of desert grassland.The dominant species are Mongolian lark,big short toed lark,short toed lark and Skylark.The bird diversity and richness of desert grassland habitat are higher than those of typical grassland habitat.The bird density recorded in each habitat was the highest in 2011 and has decreased year by year since then.Each habitat is affected by human factors such as grazing and tourism in varying degrees.The changes of bird composition and community structure respond to environmental changes accordingly.In desert grassland habitat,the species and number of birds in enclosed grassland are lower than those in non-enclosed grassland,but more large size and rare birds are recorded,their dominance index and density are lower than those in non-enclosed grassland,and the diversity index,evenness index and richness index are higher than those in non-enclosed grassland.In typical grassland habitats,the species and number of birds in enclosed grassland are higher than those in non-enclosed grassland.Birds of Galliformes,eagles,passerines,warblers,and plovers are only recorded in enclosed grassland ;The number of species of rare birds was significantly higher than that of non-enclosed grassland ;Bird diversity index,richness index and density were higher than those of non-enclosed grassland,while evenness index and dominance index were slightly lower than those of non-enclosed grassland.This study conducted a long-term investigation（2011 to 2020）and birds data analysis on desert grassland and typical grassland in Inner Mongolia,revealed the response of the dynamic changes of birds depending on environmental changes,also provide valuable data and information for habitat protection,The survey data from2011 to 2017 are the previous survey data of the laboratory.I only participated in the survey work from 2017 to 2020 and the final data collation and analysi

Mots clés : Inner Mongolia ;Desert grassland ;Typical grassland ;Bird community ;Species diversity ;Interannual dynamic change of species composition ;

Présentation (CNKI)