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Master
Israel
Comparison of particulate matter
Titre : Comparison of particulate matter
Auteur : Zohara Efrat
Université de soutenance : Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Grade : Master of Science 2008
Résumé
PM2.5, a particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 microns or less is a significant
component of air pollution that has severe health and environmental impacts (Vallius,
2005).
The Middle East Regional Cooperation (MERC) initiated a study that performs
continuous measurement and chemical analysis of PM2.5 through a period of one year in
eleven different stations located in Jordan, Israel and the Palestinian Authority.
In this study, concentrations of PM2.5 and its black carbon component are monitored in
two stations, located in Eilat and Aqaba, on each side of the Israeli- Jordanian border.
The aim of this study is to monitor the concentration of PM2.5 in each station, analyze
the sources of pollution in each side, find correlation between the human activity and the
concentration been measured and finally compare those findings between the two cities.
Measurements from three different instruments were taken through a period of three
months from early February until the end of May, 2007. A geographical survey was
performed in addition, for each city.
The general concentration of PM2.5 and the concentration of black carbon at both sites
were found to have a similar level and trend, mostly at the beginning of the
measurement period. Towards the end of the period, the correlation between the sites
was lower, probably because malfunction of one of the instrument in Eilat’s station that
assumingly recorded unverified data. During the end of the measurement period more
exceedances were recorded, especially when the wind changed its direction from
southern the northern. The daily average concentration of PM2.5 was 27.73 ± 19.24
µg/m3 in Aqaba and 32.08 ± 26.75µg/m3 in Eilat, these are lower than the EPA daily
standard of 65µg/m3
and the revised standard of 35µg/m3
. The daily average
concentration of black carbon was 1.37 ± 0.65 µg/m3
in Aqaba and 1.24 ± 0.54 µg/m3
in
Eilat. It is therefore concluded that although both cities differ in their anthropogenic
activities, tourism, industry and transportation profile, their geographical proximity
seems to be the predominant factor and therefore both might be subjected to the same
pollution sources.
Mots Clés : Air — Pollution — Regional disparities. — Israel — Elat. — Jordan — Aqaba. — Dust — Measurement.
Page publiée le 7 janvier 2012, mise à jour le 22 novembre 2018