Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Soil and plant-water relations, growth and yield of Groundnut under moisture stress

Auteur : Sarma, P S

Etablissement de soutenance : Andhra Pradesh Agricultural University.

Grade : PhD thesis 1983

Résumé partiel
Studies were undertaken to investigate the effect of using seeds with a moisture stress history in the previous season on the current season productivity and to examine the effects of moisture stress at different phenological stages of groundnut during the 1982 rainy season and the 1982-83 postrainy season at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh. In the experiment using seeds with a previous moisture stress history, early seedling vigor in term of rate of seed emergence, leaflet number, leaf area per leaflet and plant, and dry matter production was evaluated at 3-day intervals from emergence up to 26 DAE. Quality of the seed samples with moisture stress history during the previoue season and also of the seed obtained from the subsequent crop was analysed. The seeds with moisture stress history from emergence to peg initiation during the previous season gave higher seedling vigor in terms of leaf number, leaf area and superior dry matter production besides maximum pod and kernel yield. In the investigations on the effect of water stress at different phenological stages, soil water, leaf area, plant growth and plant parameters of water stress such as st omatal conductance, transpiration, canopy temperature and leaf water potential and radiation measurements were measured at 7-10 day intervals. Soil temperature was monitored throughout the growing season. Soil penetration resistance was measured from 44 to 107 DAE. Root studies were made at maturity besides seed quality estimation. The results indicated that considerable reduction in ET was achieved by imposition of early moisture stress (EMS) both in the rainy and postrainy seasons. Higher LAI, pegs and pods, higher dry matter production with better root and shoot growth were achieved besides enhanced pod and kernel growth. Higher water use efficiency, harvest index and improved seed quality in terms of increased seed weight, oil and protein contents were obtained with EMS treatment.

Présentation ICRISAT

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