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Titre : NATURAL REGENERATION OF DEGRATED MEDITERRANEAN ECOSYSTEMS AS RESULT OF GRAZING PRESSURE EXCLUSION. THE CASE OF CHIOS ISLAND

ΦΥΣΙΚΗ ΑΝΑΓΕΝΝΗΣΗ ΥΠΟΒΑΘΜΙΣΜΕΝΩΝ ΜΕΣΟΓΕΙΑΚΩΝ ΟΙΚΟΣΥΣΤΗΜΑΤΩΝ ΩΣ ΑΠΟΤΕΛΕΣΜΑ ΑΠΟΚΛΕΙΣΜΟΥ ΤΗΣ ΒΟΣΚΗΤΙΚΗΣ ΠΙΕΣΗΣ. Η ΠΕΡΙΠΤΩΣΗ ΤΗΣ ΧΙΟΥ

Auteur : ΚΟΥΤΣΙΔΟΥ, ΕΥΓΕΝΙΑ

Université de soutenance : University of the Aegean

Grade : Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) 1995

Résumé

WE HAVE STUDIED THE ABILITY OF REGENERATION OF NATURAL VEGETATION OF A DEGRADEDPHRYGANIC ECOSYSTEM IN AIPOS PLATEAU IN CHIOS ISLAND. THE AREA CHARACTERIZED AS PASTURE. THE REGENERATION HAVE BEEN STUDIED IN ENCLOSED AREAS THAT HAVE BEEN FENCED EVERY YEAR FROM 1976. WE HAVE INVESTIGATED THE STRUCTURE OF THE GRAZED ECOSYSTEM AND ALSO THE PRESENT MANAGEMENT OF PASTURE AND THE ALTERNATIVE SOLUTIONS THAT COULD BE ENFORCED IN CASE TO HAVE A SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT. THE FACTORS THAT HAVE BEEN ESTIMATED IN THE GRAZED ECOSYSTEM AND ALSO IN THE EXCLOSURES WAS THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE HERBACEOUS PLANTS FOR TWO CONSECUTIVE YEARS, THE PLANTCOVER OF WOODY SPECIES, THE DIVERSITY, RICHNESS AND EVENNESS INDICES OF WOODY AND HERBACEOUS PLANTS. WE HAVE ALSO STUDIED THE GROWTH FACTORS OF WOODY SPECIES LIKE HEIGHT, CANOPY COVER AND BIOVOLUME. IT WAS ESTIMATED THE LIFE FORM SPECTRUM OF THE FLORA OF THE AREAS TOO AND WAS COMPARED WITH OTHER GREEK ECOSYSTEMS. IT WAS ASCERTAINED THAT THE THEROPHYTA’S CONTRIBUTION IN THE LIFE FORM SPECTRUM OF GRAZED ECOSYSTEM WAS LOW IN RELATION WITH LIFE FORM SPECTURMOF OTHER INSULAR MEDITERRANEAN REGIONS. IT WAS ALSO LOW THE NUMBER OF SPECIES, GENUS AND FAMILIES OF WOODY PLANTS IN THE GRAZED AREA IN RELATION WITH OTHERGREEK PHRYGANIC ECOSYSTEM. THE PROTECTION OF THE AREAS FROM GRAZING DID NOT AFFECT THE DIVERSITY AND THE EVENNESS OF WOODY PLANTS WHILE IT WAS DECREASE THE DOMINANT OF SARCOPOTERIUM SPINOSUM AND CORRESPONDALLY INCREASE OF PYRUS AMYGDALIFORMIS. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)

Mots clés : Animal husbantry ; Chios ; DEGRADATION-DESERTIFICATION ; Diversity ; Mediterranean ecosystems ; Natural regeneration ; OVERGRAZING ; SARCOPOTERIUM SPINOSUM

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