Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Plántulas de chabacano (Prunus armeniaca L.) y su respuesta fisiológica a ciclos de riego-sequía

SEEDLINGS OF APRICOT (Prunus armeniaca L.) AND ITS PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE TO IRRIGATION-DROUGHT CYCLES

Auteur : Arellano Ojeda, Carlos

Université de soutenance : Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS) Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT)

Grade : Maestría en Ciencias, especialista en Fruticultura 2014

Résumé
To identify the sensitivity of physiological and growth variables in seedlings of P. armeniaca, an experiment was carried out under cover during from April to July 2013 in Montecillo, Texcoco, State of Mexico. Seedlings seven months old were obtained from seeds from collections made in the town of San Juan Tetla, San Lorenzo Chiautzingo, Puebla. A completely randomized design with two treatments and 15 repetitions was used, the first treatment consisted of repeated cycles of irrigation-drought, the second treatment (control) was irrigated frequently maintaining soil water content close to field capacity. Each treatment had 75 seedlings, being a seedling an experimental unit. It was determined gas exchange (stomatal conductance and assimilation rate), growth (height, stem diameter and number of leaves), water, osmotic and turgor potentials, proline content in leaves, dry matter of stems, leaves and roots, and nutrients content (phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium). Furthermore the soil moisture content where the seedlings were growing, the percentage of mycorrhizal colonization in roots and the number of spores in the soil was also determined. Seedlings with repeated cycles of irrigation-drought did not recover the stomatal conductance values observed in the control (72.88 mmol m-2 s-1), which seems reasonable since they were eventually growing in soil water content having values far under the permanent wilting point (-1.5 MPa). This caused growth reduction, increase in proline concentration, the decrease in the concentrations of phosphorus (leaves and stems) and potassium (leaves, stems and roots), and increased calcium (leaves and roots) and magnesium (leaves and stems). Three kinds of mycorrhizae were observed : Acaulospora scrobiculata, Scutellispora dipapillosa y Gigaspora nigra, with a percentage of 58.6% colonization and counting 192 spores in the soil.

Mots clés : Chabacano ; Sequía ; Humedad en suelo ; Apricot ; Drought ; Soil moisture ; Fruticultura ; Maestría

Présentation

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