Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Variación en resistencia a sequía y tolerancia a altas temperaturas en frijol tipo flor de mayo

VARIATION IN DROUGHT RESISTANCE AND TOLERANCE TO HIGH TEMPERATURE IN BEAN FLOR DE MAYO TYPE

Auteur : Barrios Gómez, Edwin Javier

Etablissement de soutenance : Colegio de Postgraduados (COLPOS) Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT)

Grade : Doctor en Ciencias, especialista en Genética 2010

Résumé
Research work presented in this thesis was carried out in order to study the response of a group of drought tolerant and susceptible cultivars of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Flor de Mayo type, in seed yield (SY) and its components, water relationships and tolerance to high temperature under irrigation and rainfed conditions. Cultivars were grown in the springsummer season (2007) in rainfed conditions (with two irrigation applications before flowering) at Celaya, Guanajuato, México and rainfed (depending upon rainfall only), and irrigation (irrigation applications weekly up to maturity) at Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México. Results showed that FM Noura, FM Anita y FM M38 produced greater mean seed yield (SY), final above-ground biomass (FAGB), normal pods m-2 (NP m-2), normal seeds m-2 (NS m-2) and one hundred seed weight (100SW) than the other cultivars over the three soil moisture environments. FM Noura, FM Anita y FM M38, reduced their water (ψ) and osmotic (π) potentials at a greater extent than the other cultivars, developing greater levels of osmotic adjustment (OA). These cultivars also experienced less stress by high temperature, decreasing (P≤0.05) their rainfed-irrigation canopy temperature difference (RICTD) to a greater extent than the other cultivars. SY was positive and significantly associated with OA at Celaya and Montecillo in rainfed conditions ; this relationship was stronger at the drier site (Montecillo). SY was also related to FAGB, NP m-2, NS m-2 and 100SW positive and significantly in average of the three soil moisture environments ; the relation between SY and FAGB was stronger than the relation between SY and the other yield components. Therefore, it is suggested that new cultivars for dry and hot environments should integrate high values for FAGB and OA, and low values for RCTD traits.

Mots clés : Phaseolus vulgaris L. ; Secano ; Riego ; Relaciones hídricas ; Altas temperaturas ; Irrigation ; Rainfed ; Water relationships ; High temperatures ; Genética

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