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Doctorat
Allemagne
2011
Phylogenetics and systematics of North-African Geckos Tarentola
Titre : Phylogenetics and systematics of North-African Geckos Tarentola
Auteur : Bshaena, Ismail Mustafa
Université de soutenance : Universität Carolo-Wilhelmina zu Braunschweig
Grade : Doktors der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. Nat.) 2011
Résumé
The genus Tarentola (Reptilia : Gekkonidae) consists of about 20 known species,
which are distributed mostly in North Africa, coastal regions of Mediterranean
Sea, Macaronesian Islands, and also Cuba and the Bahamas. While Tarentola of
the Canary Islands and Morocco have been very well investigated ; we have only
little knowledge about the Tarentola of the eastern Maghreb countries (Algeria,
Tunisia and Libya). The present work is considered as one of the primary studies
that are concerned with this genus in North Africa. This study is based on 615
specimens, representative of different forms of the genus Tarentola. The
specimens were collected through field work from various localities in Libya
between 2007-2008, additional specimens of North African Tarentola were kindly
provided from various collections. In this study, we used both morphological and
molecular phylogenetic techniques to investigate the relationships among
different populations of the genus Tarentola in North Africa.
1- Morphologically, we have extensively analyzed the relationships among
different North African Tarentola population, the study based on
multivariate analysis of 25 external morphological characters (14
morphometric characters and 11 non metric [scalation] characters were
used).
2- Molecular phylogenetically, in total 2596 bp DNA sequences were
amplified :
A. Two mitochondrial marker genes, partial 12S rRNA (372 bp) and
two fragments of 16S rRNA (448 bp and 604 bp respectively).
B. Three nuclear marker genes, the partial C-mos (424 bp), the partial
RAG2 (387 bp), and fragment of Phosducin (361 bp).
The investigated Tarentola sampled through this study (from coastal and desert
locations) in Libya demonstrated that, they show a distinct phylogeographical
pattern and differ from all other North Africa Tarentola populations at least
some characters, in respect of morphology and mtDNA haplotypes. As a result,
the presence of the following monophyletic groups is confirmed :
1- A new subspecies of T. deserti from NW-Libya (first record from Libya).
2- A new subspecies of T. neglecta from northern central Sahara oases
(second record from Libya) ; T. mindiae (only in Egypt) is the sister species
of T. neglecta.
3- T. mauritanica from Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia, not confirmed for Libya.
4- T. fascicularis from Egypt, Libya and Tunisia (former subspecies of T.
mauritanica), comprising five new subspecies from Libya and one new
subspecies (T. fascicularis wolfgangi Joger and Bshaena 2010) endemic
to central Tunisia.
Page publiée le 3 janvier 2016, mise à jour le 30 décembre 2018