Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Varianten des privaten Freiraums und deren Abwandlung im zeitgenössischen Wohnungsbau Libyens

Variants of private open spaces and their modification in the contemporary house-building in Libya

Auteur : Ahmouda, Khalifa Ahmouda

Université de soutenance : Universitat Stuttgart

Grade : Doctor – Ing 2002

Résumé
Comparison of Traditional and Modern Buildings in the Three Main Regions : Coastal Area, Highlands and Oasis sinks. The vast territory of Libya is dotted by many small towns which are located far apart from each other. Their dispersion in the country is based mainly on the availability of various natural water resources. About 93 of the territory is arid desert and only about 2.2 of the country can be used for agriculture. The towns, villages and settlements are usually located in these fertile regions. Although the architectural forms of the arid and semi-arid regions in Libya are of a typical character determined by climate and culture with a definite canon of shapes, the development in the last decades has altered the appearance of the settlements. Regional characteristics have disappeared in the new buildings. By comparison with the regionally differing traditional types of house-buildings one can realize the advantages and disadvantages of the different approaches and thus form a basis for the improvement of the new types of house-buildings. The essential and rapid alteration of differing variants of the private open spaces in contemporary house-building has far-reaching consequences, among others, for the living style of the family, the microclimate of the house and also for the development of the areas of settlement and the agricultural areas because of the way the cities are expanding. These mainly negative consequences are the motive for this investigation with the goal of determining the manifold positive and negative sides of various traditional and contemporary forms of dwellings as well as of developing efficient forms based on these findings. The combination of traditional settlement and building concepts with the possibilities inherent in the newer forms of settlement leads to efficient ways of building which satisfy the regional climatic and sociocultural requirements without impeding the adaptation to newer developments of civilization.

Mots clés  : Libyen , Innenhof , Freifläche , Ökologie , Wohnungsbau — Libya , courtyard , outdoor , ecology , Housing

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