Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Fundamentos para la producción de semilla de genotipos de sorgo para el Noreste de México.

Auteur : Flores Naveda, Antonio

Université de soutenance : Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

Grade : Doctorado en Ciencias Agrícolas) UANL, 2012.

Résumé
The Northeast of México comprehends the states of Tamaulipas, Nuevo Leon and Coahuila, at Tamaulipas in 2009, 90%, 693,660 has were planted under rain fall and 10%, under irrigation 268,395 has. At Nuevo Leon in 2010 a total of 37,509 and at Coahuila 37,509 were planted. In this region, frequently rain is low and with erratic distribution and water stress is present.
Under rainfall soil management practices and weed control have been developed focused to catch and storage precipitation within soil profile that will be used only by the crop, additionally farmers empirically have identified the best grain yielding commercial hybrids under water stress ; however sorghum in this region is produced only with seed of hybrid varieties, this is expensive, and not always presents its maximum yield potential since these have been selected for more favorable rainfall conditions as it happens in Texas, where these seeds are produced to be distributed by transnational companies to be planted in this region.
Because the importance of these crop, the Facultad de Agronomia de la UANL, (FAUANL) since 1976 began the Project of Maize, Bean and Sorghum Improvement for the low zones of Nuevo Leon, and in the case of sorghum many human resources have been trained in the management and breeding of this crop and in this last activity many experimental lines have been introduced and developed and as well as new hybrids, many of them have been identified under irrigation and water stress that the grain yield is the same or even are higher than the commercial hybrids more planted regionally.
The lines have been utilized as parents of new sorghum grain hybrids, but also potentially have been promoted to be used as varieties in the production of grain sorghum in this region, as well as it happens in Africa, India and other regions where varieties, no hybrids, in well defined ecological niches.
The present work was planned and developed from 2009 Autumn-Winter cycle (AW) to the 2011 Spring-Summer cycle (SS), reaching the general objective of to contribute with the new, original and necessary knowledge to use the sorghum germplasm introduced and developed at FAUANL, to produce hybrid as well as varieties planting seed, doing emphasis in the identification the good grain yield performance under irrigation and water stress of the previously developed lines and other new F7, including their grain quality. Also the splits of planting dates were defined for the parents A and R of the hybrids that in previous works have been superior to commercial hybrids, in order to establish the fundaments of selection and seed production of the new and best genotypes in the regional agricultural cycles Autumn-Winter (February-June) and Spring-Summer (JulyNovember) at the Northeast of Mexico

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