Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Políticas de gestión para la extracción sostenible de agua en acuíferos de zonas áridas

Auteur : Cota Verdugo, Lorenzo Fidel

Etablissement de soutenance : Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR)

Grade : Doctorado en Ciencias en el Uso, Manejo y Preservación de los Recursos Naturales 2012

Résumé partiel
In almost every arid or semiarid country proper management of water resources is an important issue to be resolved. Mexico is one of the driest countries in the world where the distribution of water resources is asymmetric, 70% of the precipitation is generated in the southern region, and 30% in northern areas. The socioeconomic problems of water scarcity have resulted in many definitions of aridity, as periods of low runoff failure involving the storage of natural or artificial reservoirs. The lack of water in the northwestern region of Mexico requires the development of economic models of production, according with this environmental condition. Baja California Sur, as part of this region has an arid climate throughout the year, the dependence on water is almost entirely on underground water. In the state of Baja California Sur, all productive activity requires supplies of water extracted from underground wells. The problem of over exploitation has permanent consequences in terms of availability of some aquifers in the state causing : a) Water wells Salinization and b) Extreme extraction impacts due to rights hoarding by, private farmers and tourism. Mega-developments. The aim of this study was to develop a general methodology for establishing a policy of management of water resources, determining a rate structure for different consume uses urban domestic, commercial, industrial and agricultural, based on the particular problems faced by the analyzed underground aquifers. A methodology was developed in this study for calculating the Average Rate Balance (TME) and subsequent calculations related to average prices for each block of consumptive uses. This methodology sets out the information requirements necessary for the design of rates, considering the administrative, financial, accounting, business and operations of National Water Operators as well as on the economic, political and social influence in the study area. The basic principle of the methodology is to equalize the total expenditure incurred in a period of time, with the goods received, providing the basic and necessary steps to be followed to determine the price structure to reflect the adequate payment of water services

Mots Clés : Sobreexplotación de Acuíferos ; Mercado de Derechos de Agua ; Desarrollo Sustentable

Présentation

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