Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Solar Evaporation System : Modeling and Controlling Brine Treatment Ponds

Auteur : Almeida e Sousa Maria Luís

Université de soutenance : Universidade do Porto

Grade : Mestrado Integrado em Engenharia do Ambiente 2016

Résumé
Our planet Earth is facing a water scarcity problem that can be caused by four different factors : climate changes, pollution, agriculture and population growth. In order to solve this problem, many techniques have been developed and are being improved, but the best bet is seawater desalination. There are many processes for water desalination : thermal desalination (multi flash distillation, multi effect distillation and vapor compression) and desalination by membranes (reverse osmosis and electrodialysis). This thesis is about the final part of a project called Zelda : Zero Liquid Discharge Desalination. In the Zelda project the seawater is treated by reverse osmosis and electrodialysis methatesis processes and one of the final products, the brine, is treated by a solar evaporation process in two ponds (one open and the other closed with a fan). The ponds are the ones being studied in this thesis and the objective is to create a Matlab model that can predict the behaviour of the ponds in what concerns heat and mass transfer (assessing the water level in the ponds) and analyse if they work as expected in order to fullfill the main objective of the Zelda project : recover the salts and avoid their release back to the oceans, which can provoque negative impacts on the ecosystem. In order to create this Matlab model, two sub-models were written, based on a project called AQUASOL. One of the models is the same as in the AQUASOL project, and the other one was developed by the CTM team and me with all the restritions and conditions of the ponds. After comparation of both sub-models and data acquisition, a new final model was written in a way that the heat and mass transfers inside the ponds could be estimated.

Mots clés  : desalination, solar evaporation, heat tranfer.

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