Informations et ressources scientifiques
sur le développement des zones arides et semi-arides

Titre : Variación de humedales costeros e irrigaciones agrícolas : el caso de la Albúfera de Medio Mundo y el área agrícola de Huaura

Auteur : Rodriguez Vasquez, Maria Isabel

Université de soutenance : Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú

Grade : Licenciada en Geografía y Medio Ambiente 2017

Résumé
The global loss and degradation of coastal wetlands is related to the intensive use of water in human activities and the lack of awareness of the impact of this use on wetlands. In view of this, the main objective of this study was to contribute to the knowledge about the wetlands of the peruvian arid coast and its relation with agricultural irrigations, considering the influence of the use of irrigation water in the formation, the changes of extension and the sustainability of these ecosystems. For this, the case of the Medio Mundo lagoon and San Felipe irrigation, located in the province of Huaura, Lima region, was addressed. Through multitemporal analysis of aerospace images, bibliographic review, field observations and interviews were determined : the lagoon water surface’s variation ; the historical changes in the agricultural use of water in San Felipe irrigation and the activities that influence the water balance of the San Felipe-Medio Mundo inter-basin’s aquifer. The results showed that the implementation of San Felipe irrigation led to the formation of the Medio Mundo lagoon. Subsequently, the irrigation efficiency in San Felipe doubled, mainly due to the introduction of modern and pressurized irrigation techniques, which allowed the increase of the area under cultivation. However, the improvement in irrigation efficiency reduces aquifer recharge and, therefore, the tendency of the wetland’s water surface is the decrease. This is also affected by the exploitation of groundwater in poultry activities and population use. This research reaffirms the advantage of studying the interrelationships between coastal wetlands and other water uses, such as agriculture, from a geographic focus ; since it facilitates the holistic and integral understanding of the multiple articulations. In this sense and based on this approach, it is necessary to promote and implement Integrated Management of Water Resources in coastal locations with the presence of wetlands and irrigations.

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